Wednesday, December 11, 2013

Week 2: History of Globalisation - The Negatives and Positives

We all know about the history of how globalisation begun when Marco Polo travelled around Asia or when Christopher Coloumbus 'accidentally' settled in America, but what is the meaning of their journey to travel across the globe? My understanding is that they wanted to know about the different cultures, societies, countries and even new food?!

As I was reading through the related articles and YouTube videos of the history of globalisation, there are some fascinating history pieces that I believe would have been ‘accidental’ or ‘purposely’ being triggered to develop what we have now in the modern world like Buddhism, spices, television and animals. The formation and interaction between the global world and local developments have been a central driving force to develop this connecting world. The factors that affect most of this globalisation concept started with common ideas or exchanges of interest between the Europeans, Middle Easterners, Asians, Americans and even the Africans. The revolutions such as the US and French revolutions have changed the way societies think or how technologies have changed especially in the Industrial Revolution that caused this huge wave of expanding trade of technologies. I could not imagine how the network of trade in the movement of people, animals, goods, money and even micro-organisms that could populate to develop what I have seen or heard today.

Imagine what life would be like if globalisation or trade did not exist. As for me, I would be in China working under low labour conditions in a factory or settling in luxury with a roof above my head if I was fortunate to grow up in a higher class family. If globalisation did not exist, how can we survive? Surely, within hundreds of years human being will adapt to their surrounding environment but what if a plague casts over the country and no one would have survived without the development of anti-biotics or even developed health care systems and medical professionals.

We see that globalisation has benefited many countries and are still bringing new developed countries like Malaysia. The expansion of commercial productions and commodities, technologies and finances has formed this world as of today.
However I thought to myself, what is globalisation? What makes up globalisation? Is it just one thing or several events that lead one to another that makes a global world? What are the negatives and the positives of globalisation?
As I was further reading into the related articles on the Moodle board, I found this site <http://www.sas.upenn.edu/~dludden/global1.htm> that gave me an interesting definition.

'Globalisation is a historical process that began the first movement of people out of Africa into other parts of the world’.

I thought to myself, first movement of people out of Africa? Was slave trade one of the developments that lead to globalisation of people? As I began to refresh my memory of Russell Peter’s stand-up comedy about how the British went over to Africa for slave labour, it all began to make sense. Movement of people to different parts of the world like the Colonial Australian history, refugees or when immigrants come over to develop their communities, their cultures and traditions are still brought with them. And that is where a global world of different nationalities come together bringing their knowledge, experiences, food, cultural upbringing and beliefs are the benefits of globalisation.

Slave labour is still in existence but has been converted to hard labour, especially in countries where they have very relaxed and unrestricted labour laws and low pay wages.  
I was watching a documentary on ABC News about this Bangladesh fashion company who mistreats their manufacturing labours. Questions raised in my mind about what working conditions these people had to go through and has globalisation really provide those benefits that I have mentioned before. Such multinational corporations that misuses their power in international trade really depicts a world of cruelty, just like the Europeans with their misuse of power by taking in African labour. So there is a parallel in our modern world to the history of our world. And what globalisation does may be a disadvantage to our world such as like the World Wars and a world of disagreement like the 9/11 tragedy.

Globalisation is more of capitalism now. Multi-national corporations use this concept to outsource to lower costs of resources and labour. That is why we see there are many social issues about treatment of human beings – the negatives of globalisation. For example, I remember watching the 1999 Seattle civil disruption on an old 60 minutes re-run on YouTube depicting on the angry anarchists who were against capitalism causing anger and damage to civilian property. Another incident that was parallel to this, was a news footage of an Islamic mob protesting against the US Stock Exchange due to the 9/11 incident. These events in my opinion are related because of the anti-capitalism concept. The global world is controlled by capitalists – by multi-national corporations like McDonalds, Star Bucks and Nike. 
The development of globalisation- the exchange of wealth, labour, resources, ideas and currency due to trade has negatively impacted on society and developing countries.

However, if we stop multi-national corporations from trading, most resources will be made in the origin of the corporations, increasing prices which decreases our income levels. We then cannot afford these designer clothes or luxury items, decreasing the flow of our economy. That will then slow down the cycle of currency – Government will cut welfare which then triggers poverty levels to rise for those who cannot afford to have a roof over their heads. Is globalisation really a bad thing if we stopped exchanging goods and resources? Or has globalisation helped us develop our knowledge through the internet and media, our education, our wealth for being able to work and travel overseas or being able to connect to families and friends using Skype, Facebook and telephone calls?
Even though globalisation has a handful of negative outcomes , but there are all balanced by the positive aspects of being globally aware of such events like the 9/11 or the tsunami in Japan back in 2011 and we as global citizens are actively helping out to those who are in need. 

No comments:

Post a Comment